Importance of Recycling Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Importance of Recycling - Assignment Example The partnership allows Recycline to easily obtain the raw material for manufacturing the handles. And as more and more people are favoring the Go Green revolution, the availability of these plastic cups for Recycline is abundant at the collection points, where people are dropping more and more recyclable yoghurt cups. Another point that favors the company is the nature of Stonyfield Farm’s product, the demand for the Stonyfield Farm yoghurt will remain more or less constant with time resulting in a continuous and uninterrupted supply of yoghurt cups for Recycline. The Stonyfield Farm has been in the business since 1983 and with their organic and eco-friendly products, they have a much-trusted reputation in the market. The corporate image and experience of Stonyfield Farm will help the new and rising Recycline to form a better and stronger impact on the market. Recycling is a company that uses another company’s waste products and turns them into their product. The company helps protect the environment through minimizing waste disposal. The company can use this ground idea for its existence as its Unique Selling Point ‘USP’ in marketing its products. The company can project its product as being a Green product. â€Å"Recycling relies heavily on publicity to market their brand.† (Kurtz 673) So the more the company will project its image and promote its product through media thee more marketing it will attract for its product. Hudson could use environmental magazines like Ecology, Environmental Values, Review of Environmental Economics and Policy etc. for placing its advertisements. The more coverage the company gets through readership of people interested in the Go Green notion the more popular its product will become. Another marketing strategy is the price comparison of the top brands of razors with the eco-friend ly razor of Recycline, for example, a double razor four pack of Recycline is $5 as compared to the others  that are over $15. The company can encourage people to buy Recycline and save money with a cause of helping the environment.

Development of a Learner in a Hospital Setting

Development of a Learner in a Hospital Setting Clinician To Educator Nurse Additional skills and requirements Making the transition from clinician to educator is an exciting step in a nurse’s career. Clinicians considering the transition should be familiar with the role of the nurse educator (Culleiton Shellenbarger, 2007, pg 254). A nurse educator should also understand and illustrate teaching-learning skills. This paper will discuss briefly how to facilitate learning and the development of a learner in a hospital setting. In a staff educator setting, the educator will be educating new and experienced nurses. Nurse educators must have the capability to convince the learners of knowledge and expertise they have. In addition, the expectation would be to engage in administrative work, participate in scholarly research, and have collaborative professional associations (Role transition: Clinician to Nurse Educator, 1). The transition from clinician to nurse educator requires an understanding of learning theories that will create meaningful learning experiences (Learning theories learning styles, 2008, 1). According to the online readings there are some key learning theories. One theory is behaviorism in which we learn by the concept of conditioned response to stimulus, for example in a telemetry unit, the expectation is the nurse can recognize EKG strips and differentiate between heart rhythms. Tele nurses do not know this information as new grad nurses, however from our everyday learning we learn to recog nize certain irregular heart rhythms and we expect to see certain signs and symptoms. The nurse educator directs the thought process of the learners in accordance to their own experience (Learning theories and learning styles, 2008, 2). As the nurse educator in the role of behaviorism, we have a source of knowledge that shapes, supervises and directs the thought processes of learners in accordance to their own experiences (Learning theories, 2008, 2). When dealing with constructivism, the nurse educator is a facilitator who helps learners acquires knowledge and figure out solutions to problems. The educator teaches in sequences of events that are relevant to the knowledge (Learning theories and learning styles, 2008, 2). Both one of these theories can be used in the teaching-learning process and individual learning styles are a reflection of the individual preferred way of learning. As the nurse educator transition into their new role, a curriculum needs to be formulated, if not already done by the institution, identify expected program outcomes, develop competency standards, choose an appropriate, varied, and engaging instructional strategies to deliver the content. In addition, the nurse educator continues to evaluate and re-evaluate the different learning styles, learner needs, learner abilities and achieve desired learning outcomes and objectives (Identifying learning needs, 2008, 2). How does the nurse educator know the learners are getting the expected information? In staff development, evaluation of learning outcome can include a pre and post multiple choice exams. For example, most hospital residency programs last approximately 3 months with classroom studies and floor orientation with an experienced nurse. During classroom studies, the nurse educator follows a curriculum, delivers the content, provides hands on with equipment such as temporary pacemakers, group case studies, dosage calculations and a final test along with a program evaluation form filled out by the learners which can identify for the nurse educator what worked well and what did not. This will continue to help the nurse educator transition into their role from the clinician role. Regardless of the setting, using appropriate assessment and evaluation strategies is important to the learner and learning goals. It is also important to utilize evaluation data to improve the teaching-learning process (Learning outcome evaluation, 2008, 2). In addition, effective communication with the learners’ and co-workers along with networking with other nurse educators/mentors is essential for the growth development of both nurse educator and learner. In conclusion, making the transition from clinician to nurse educator may be an excellent option with new opportunities to mentor future generations of nurses. Successful nurse educators will be able to demonstrate teaching-learning skills. References Culleiton, A.L., Shellenbarger, T. (2007). Transition of a Bedside Clinician to a Nurse Educator. MEDSURG Nursing, 16, (4), 253-257. South University (2008). Learning theories and learning styles. Retrieved July 14, 2008, http://myeclassonline.com.

Mexican Daily Life Essay -- essays research papers

Daily Life   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are a variety of common courtesies that Americans should observe when in Mexico. Some of the important issues of cultural etiquette are described herein. When in Mexico Americans should refrain from calling themselves â€Å"Americans.† Mexicans consider themselves Americans too since the whole continent is called America. Another part of Mexican culture that may be shocking to American’s traveling there is the way machismo is verbalized by male members of Mexican society. Making sexual or derogatory remarks at women is a typical part of the culture and should not be seen as harassment. Wearing a wedding band and mentioning children usually will stop these types of comments. Attempting to speak Spanish even if your Spanish is not good is appreciated. When speaking in English slang and idioms should be avoided. Using broken English does not aid communication and can be seen as offensive. Many Mexicans speak English but many more read English. If possible, a written copy of what you are saying should be provided. Mexicans do not often say no because it is considered impolite. Consequently, it is important that you recognize this and look for other clues as to what the real answer is. If a Mexican says maybe it is a good indicator that the answer is definitely no. Asking for a yes or no response to a specific question repeatedly is tolerated but you must be patient because it will take a while before the real answer comes out. People stand much closer to each other in Mexico. It is considered unfriendly to back up when a Mexican approaches you in conversation. You must be aware of the tone of voice you use when in Mexico. Using a quick pace or a sharp or forceful tone will make you come across unfavorably. Eye contact is not as direct or long as in the United States. Mexicans are status conscientious so what you wear or what you drive makes a clear statement about who you are in society. When attending a social event you shou ld arrive 30 minutes late. Arriving earlier is considered rude. At small parties your host will introduce you. At large parties you may introduce yourself. When dining you should not sit until you are told where to sit and you should not eat until the hostess starts. It is polite to keep both of your hands visible while eating and to leave some food on your plate when finished. Only men are permitt... ...;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alcohol is used regularly in Mexico. The legal drinking age in Mexico is 18. There are responsible drinkers and alcoholics in Mexican society. Approximately 13% of the population has experienced alcohol dependency. Unfortunately incidents of alcoholism are rising. Alcohol is used disproportionatly by men because of Mexican gender roles which promote risky behavior for men and conservative behavior for women. Alcohol is permitted in both business and social settings. In business alcohol is most appropriate during lunch or diner meetings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mexican leisure activity is similar to that of the United States. Mexicans enjoy television, concerts, movies, picnics, shopping and sports. Soccer is the most popular sport. Businesses that provide picnic tables and soccer fields for use by employees on their lunch hour are viewed very positively by Mexicans. Fiestas, birthdays and traditional holidays are also enjoyed by all members of Mexican society. The types of leisure activities that Mexicans enjoy do not vary for the different income levels. Only the amount of time and money one can invest in these activities varies from one class to another.

Monopoly Questions and Answers

QUESTIONS RELATED TO MONOPOLY: 1-What is the characteristic of the monopoly? 1 – The existence of a single product of the commodity 2 – characterized by prices, rising prices prevailing 3 – the relative stability of prices 4 – There are barriers to enter the industry monopolist 5 – not necessary to advertise Another Monopoly properties. Price control. In a monopoly, and at the expense of supply in the market one entity to control and demand, and the degree of the price offered and the control exercised by the institution or individual is greater. Predatory pricing. This feature of the advantages of a monopoly consumers.These are short term market gains when prices dropped to meet the demand of rare product. Suppliers and consumers directly benefit from an attempt to monopolize the company to increase the sale of business marketing. Price flexibility With regard to the demand for the product or service offered by the company monopoly or individual, a nd is dictated by the price elasticity of the ratio of the absolute value of the increase in prices and demand in the market. Lack of creativity At the expense of absolute control of the market, and monopolies display a tendency to lose efficiency over a period of time.With one product lifetime, and innovative design and marketing techniques rear seat. Lack of competition. When the market was designed to serve the monopoly and the lack of commercial competition or the lack of goods and viable products shrinking the scope of â€Å"perfect competition. † 2-How monopoly arises Monopoly arises in a variety of circumstances: there are types of goods and a service does not accept by its nature, or not in the public interest to multiple producers, it's called natural monopolies, for example: to provide the city with water, electricity, or the trains running between two countries.Often assume the state or municipal authorities to manage these services, or to grant a concession to a p rivate company, subject to strict control. Monopoly may arise in an industry, the growth of a project, and it seized on other projects. Or as a result of grab or merge of small projects in the large-scale project, Monopoly May arise due to agreement between the projects owners in a particular industry to determine the price, or divide markets among themselves, known as (cartel), and in this case there are a number of producers, such agreement among them makes them a monopoly power.Most of the countries have been working on the subject of monopolies control. 3-How we can regulate the monopoly Pricing at marginal cost Economists have for many decades argued the benefits of setting public utility tariffs on the basis of marginal cost. This view is expressed in many classic economic texts on regulation. Price discrimination One common objection to marginal-cost pricing is that, in the presence of economies of scale, a simple linear price equal to marginal cost would not llow the regulat ed firm to recover sufficient revenue to cover its total costs. Ramsey pricing In those cases where the regulator is unable to set the marginal price for each service equal to its marginal cost, economic theory still places central emphasis on reducing the deadweight loss. Incremental cost The deadweight-loss hypothesis has a hard time explaining why regulators fail to pursue policies which are efficient under the conventional economic theory, such as Ramsey pricing. Price / service stabilityAnother puzzle for the conventional economic approach to regulation is the heavy emphasis on price stability. There is a sizeable amount of evidence that price and service stability is one of the primary concerns of regulators. Alternative regulation †¢ To encourage the productive efficiency of the monopolist. †¢ To eliminate the incentive to waste resources seeking to obtain a position of monopoly. †¢ To protect the sunk investment of the monopolist 4-Give some examples of monopo ly type of monopolyThe main characteristicexamplesNaturalAccess to rare and not easily reproducible elements of productionMonopolies operating in the sphere of production is mineral deposits of strategic importance for the national economy technologicalFeature production: in this technology is not enough consumer demand to support many competitive firmsEnterprise for the production of specific goods, such as infrastructure for the operation of natural monopolies GeographicCompetition due to the non-rationality of the territorial limited due to the effect of geographic barriersPublic ransport companies infrastructureInfrastructure network – a network that supply products between distant from each other (both in space and in time), economic agentsBackbone enterprises in energy, rail transport , heat, gas and water supply patentUsing a unique patented technologyNatural monopolies are producing high-tech products, such as medicine StateMarkets related to the exclusive jurisdictio n of the stateDefense, aeronautics administrative commandOperating in a command systemNatural monopolies in the administrative-command system

In my day by Russell Baker Essay

Russell Baker, talks about his old and ailing mother in â€Å"In My Day†. With her growing age grew her senility, and she behaved like a young child on some days, while she invited her son to her funeral some other days. The author’s main purpose is to unravel the human emotions and highlighting some of the shortcomings we have as humans. He speaks both in subjective and objective terms as he tells of how we all have a habit of bringing to the forefront our past lives, but not realizing that the person who is addressed has no connection with it and is totally indifferent towards it. The stream of thought becomes more subjective when he presents his realizations after meeting his mother and wished to respect his past when he says, â€Å"These hopeless end-of-the-line visits with my mother made me wish I had not thrown off my own past so carelessly.† The dominant impression is formed with care as he presents the details of the mental state her mother is in and the reader is glum upon identifying that. The description of his mother’s character is again done in a beautiful manner and we get a clear idea of the power she exudes as a woman, he calls her a â€Å"formidable woman†. The sensory descriptions are especially notable in â€Å"In My Day†, when Russell has given descriptions such as â€Å"view of hazy blue Virginia Mountains behind the apple orchard†, â€Å"a doll with huge, fierce eyes† and more such descriptions of the past incidents. These techniques combined together make this piece interesting and captivating for the readers.

Ert- Physics Essays

Ert- Physics Essays Ert- Physics Essay Ert- Physics Essay Preface Information and knowledge have emerged as major sources of wealth in the recent past. There is a digital revolution and it has impact and influences on the consumers, producers, investors, exporters, importers, public policy makers, academics, students, consultants, administrators, lawmakers and all others directly or indirectly involved in various processes of the new economy. It has also huge challenges for all of the above and the shape of things to come will be determined by their response to the fast moving changes, additions and modifications in the Information, Communication, Technologies (ICTs) and their applications. The pace of the revolutionary changes in the ICTs and their applications and their impacts, influences and challenges are more pronounced in the developed countries. The rest of the world is also catching up with them fast in the digital stakes. Public policy makers in both the developed countries and the rest of the world and administrators, who have even bigger challenges than policy makers, will have serious problems to tackle. Censorship and freedom will be in conflict with each other in relation to the use of and access to the ICTs. ICTs have ushered in a new era of global communication, production, trade and investment. It has implications for all of the players in the economy and society irrespective of whether they reside and work in the developed countries or in the developing countries. The digital economy is transforming the lives of people beyond recognition. There is a revolution in the way that things are produced and traded before they reach the final consumer. Also there is a revolution of rising expectations as the world is getting transformed to a global village and the access to the good things in life will no more be in the domain of the rich and influential, whether in developed or developing countries. The buzzword is e-commerce. The term e-commerce goes beyond doing business electronically. Doing business electronically means that the conventional processes are computerized and are done on the Internet, however now it seems that the Internet is not merely an alternative to make a channel for marketing or selling product online. Instead the electronic marketplace enables the seller to innovate the whole business process from the producer to consumer to service by integrating them in the seamless whole, where product choices and prices are updated according to the customer information in real-time on web stores. viii About the Book This book is not about how to use the web or how to set up your web page for a successful business. This book provides information from socio-economic angle. As a number of books are already available about e-commerce or digital commerce, most of them provide information mainly from a technical angle and the socio-economic aspect had been neglected. Contrary to that, we would like to present the picture of digital information economy from the socio-economic perspective. This book covers various aspects of global production, trade and investment and the effects of the Internet from a socio-economic angle. While paying attention to the current status of intertwined issues of electronic commerce in technology, standards, policy and legal issues, the focus is on many economic issues and aspects of electronic commerce that other books do not cover. This book aims to provide relevant theoretical frameworks and the latest empirical research findings in this area. The change in the flow of information, computing and communication in the recent past has greatly influenced the world economy. In the emerging â€Å"digital economy,† the players as well as the rules of the game are changing fast. Along with it has come a lot of confusion and uncertainty. The digital economy may bring potential invasions of privacy, more sophisticated and far-reaching criminal activities and host of other unknown problems. The audience of this book is diverse. In addition to the academics, students and other knowledge workers, this book is intended for the business people who are using the Internet to seek a new customer, suppliers and partners around the world. If a business person is already directly involved in international trade and business and business trade, either as a manufacturer, distributor, exporter and importer, custom broker and freight forwarder, trade financer, diplomat, then this book is for him/her. If he/she is involved in the international trade, perhaps as a lawyer, management consultant, trade show organizer, site developer, business school professor, executive educator or someone who advises international companies, then this book is also for him or her. The assembling of the chapters and editing of this volume was a very onerous task but has proved to be highly worthwhile and rewarding in the end. The response to the call for chapters was overwhelming. We received proposals from top scholars, professionals and practitioners from various parts of the world. We have received chapters from the USA, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Korea, Singapore, India and many other countries. Authors with background from various cultural groups and with firsthand knowledge of the socio-economic impacts, influences and challenges of the digital economy has contributed to this volume. Choice of the chapters for this volume was a highly challenging task, as we received an overwhelming response. Which chapter to include and which to exclude was very difficult. Chapters included in this volume have gone through a very rigorous review process. The ultimate choice of the chapters for inclusion in this volume were guided by the quality, relevance and coverage of the vital issues and proper analysis and depiction of the impacts, influences and challenges of the digital economy. The brief ix summaries of the various chapters included in the book in the words of the contributors are provided below for the readers to make their own judgement: The first chapter of this book is Socio-Economic Impacts and Influences of E-Commerce in a Digital Economy written by Sushil K. Sharma. Electronic commerce or e-commerce is the exchange and processing of business transaction information using computers connected through a network. E-commerce does have unique advantages for businesses. It allows a shop, a show room or an office to open 24 hours a day, seven days a week. It also means that time zones are not a problem. A Web site can bring a prospect from the point of advertising and information directly to the point of sale, seamlessly, without involving any other medium. Adoption of new information technologies, particularly e-commerce, is expected to result in improvements in firm performance, such as reducing transaction costs and closer coordination of economic activity among business partners. E-commerce also is expected to facilitate entry into new markets or extension of existing markets and greater integration of systems with suppliers and customers. E-commerce is changing business economics and as a result many firms are re-engineering their core business processes. Suppliers and retailers are able to collaborate on product forecasts, product flow and inventory management decisions using the collaborative Internet-based networks between suppliers and retailers. In addition to reducing costs, e-commerce solutions permit customers to custom order products based on individual needs and preferences. Retailers are able to allow customers to mass customize orders based on virtually thousands of choices. The Internet’s growth and e-commerce has begun to create fundamental change in government, societies, and economies with social, economic and political implications. These advances present many significant opportunities but also are having wide-ranging effects across numerous domains of society and policy makers. As e-commerce continues to grow rapidly, it could have significant effects on the social and economic structures of economy. The impacts of these changes are diverse and may even widen the digital divide among nations, alter the composition of trade, disrupt labor markets and change taxation, may have ramifications for intellectual property rights, privacy protection, and data filtering, etc. Some of these effects of e-commerce are unintentional and create adverse business and personal conditions that could have societal consequences. Social and economic aspects of ICTs have been studied by a wide variety of researchers and practitioners for over 50 years. However, the influences of e-commerce are far bigger than imagined before. This chapter describes the various socio-economic impacts and influences that have been created by e-commerce in a digital economy. The second chapter is Re-Intermediation and Deferment through E-Commerce: NeoAustrian Interpretation of Capital and Time written by Parthasarathi Banerjee. It is commonly believed that electronic commerce reduces intermediation and the time in a business circuit. This is an efficiency view. This borrows from the Chicago view. Alternatively, transactions cost economics (TCE) theorists argue that electronic commerce decreases transactions cost by way of reducing the distance between the producers and the customers. TCE too argues that dis-intermediation in electronic commerce reduces transactions cost and hence increases economic efficiency. In contrast x to this efficiency theory of dis-intermediation and of quickened money, this chapter argues from Neo-Austrian perspective that efficiency can refer to technological changes alone. Efficiency, it is argued, fails to increase rate of profit or innovation. Electronic commerce is an innovation in trade. Electronic commerce brings in several layers of possible intermediaries. In this chapter authors argue that electronic commerce keeps transactions incomplete and extends the completion of transactions indefinitely and thereby; electronic commerce instead of shortening the business circuit would extend such a circuit indefinitely. Indefinite extension of business circuits- that is the lengthening of business transactions- increases effectively the period of production. Austrian theory argues that capital is time. This theory argues that a longer period of production implies a higher rate of profit and an increase in capital. Based on this theoretical stance, the authors argue that electronic commerce enhances capital and increases the rate of profit by lengthening the circuit of transaction through re-intermediation and through an increased period of production. Velocity of money or goods in an economy, as the efficiency theorist suggests, refers to technical efficiency. This efficiency refers to particular states of affairs of technology. As a result this perspective fails to explain why such technological states change or why certain particular economic agents reap great profits. Moreover, efficiency theorists’ â€Å"profit† is actually a rent earned. Interpreters of TCE have assumed that electronic commerce brings about a frictionless or transactions-cost-free market. They have wrongly committed TCE to such an explanation. Moreover, reduction of transactions cost would increase efficiency and would not increase rate of profit or the capital and even would not hasten innovation. It follows contrarily that electronic commerce would increase transactions cost. Internet pricing has shown personalized effects based on quality differentiation and on personalized offerings. Electronic commerce has opened up the possibility of offering extremely variegated personalized pricing. This forum can also offer equivalents of typical market place bargains. Production organization of a vertically integrated corporation stood upon standardization. Production of apiece products with variegated quality, chosen often by the buyer himself, demands that the entire chain of logistics and the supply chains get linked to the electronic commerce platform and that the stages in production are increased immensely and at each step of production each apiece product contains unique information. Such a picture of an electronic-commerce-led economy shows that stages of production must increase, that different economic agents must undertake value addition at each stage, that variability must increase and that mass production of personalized wares must hasten. In short, electronic commerce demands that an economy increase both its division of labor and the long period of production. A long period of production refers to the entire input-output table of an economy. A short period of production refers to a specific transaction chain of a business or a sector. Electronic commerce increases the length of both these periods. Shackle discussed profit and its rate from the perspective of lengthened periods of production and an increase in the division of labor amongst economic agents who are speculators. Electronic commerce has opened up this opportunity. In these commerce intermediations, in particular, cyber mediations have increased and will continue to increase. NeoAustrian framework offers a cogent explanation as how electronic commerce increases the rate of profit and the capital in an economy based on electronic commerce. The third chapter is Risk and Investment in the Global Telecommunications Industry written by Irene Henriques and Perry Sadorsky. Access to affordable technology to improve the flow of information is essential to the development of an economy. Closing the Digital Divide could bring many benefits to developing countries. In many ways, developing countries have the most to gain from improvements in telecommunications and information technology. Bringing the benefits of IT to developing countries is possible, but the governments of these countries need to be aware that the process is going to cost money and require institutional changes. International investors will frequently calculate the cost of equity for their existing investments and their proposed investments. Development planners must be able to make their own cost-of-equity calculations so that they can see first hand how their investment projects compare with other investment projects around the globe. Consequently, it is necessary to have good measures of equity risk for managers, planners, policy makers and investors. The cost of equity is important in valuing new investment opportunities and in evaluating the ongoing performance of established business projects. This is especially true in the new economy IT industry where an understanding of equity risk aids in the examination of the relationship between the IT sector and economic development. In this chapter, quantitative modeling and simulation techniques are used to estimate various risk measures and the associated cost of equity for the global telecommunications industry. The approach is to calculate several different cost-of-equity values and then use simulation techniques to build up a probability distribution for each company’s cost of equity. In this way, a clearer picture of where a company’s cost of equity lies is developed. Estimates of the cost of equity for a particular company vary widely and depend upon the methodology used. For a particular company, cost-of-equity values based on systematic risk tend to be lower than cost-of-equity values calculated from downside risk measures. For some companies, downside cost-of-equity values are twice as large as cost-of-equity measures based on systematic risk. This is true, even though all of the cost-of-equity values use the same risk-free rate and same risk premium. One of the insights that emerges from this study is the fact that the average cost of equity for telecommunications companies in developing countries is not always greater than the average cost of equity for telecommunications companies in developed countries. This is borne out by the high cost-of-equity calculations for companies like Cable Wireless, France Telecom and Nextel. In general, it is difficult to find evidence of regional differences in the average cost of equity of telecommunications companies. This is useful to a development planner who can then use a portfolio approach in which high-risk investments are combined with low-risk investments to promote an investment in a developing country’s telecommunications industry. Closing the Digital Divide could bring many benefits to developing countries but international investors and development planners must be able to make their own cost-of-equity calculations so that they can see first hand how their investment projects compare with other investment projects around the globe. xii The fourth chapter is Reduction of Transaction Costs by Using Electronic Commerce in Financial Services: An Institutional and Empirical Approach by Thomas Pfahler and Kai M. Grebe. The authors face the subject of analyzing the impact of the increasing utilization of information and communication technology (ICT) and electronic commerce on the coordination of specific transactions in financial services. Bank transfers and stock purchases, as two relevant business processes commonly occurring in the contractual relationship between a financial institution and its customers, will be considered in detail. For that purpose, the conceptual framework for the target analysis has to be developed at first. This requires the definition of the most important terms and the explication of major ideas. The basic principals of the New Institutional Economics and the instruments developed in the context of the Transaction Cost Approach specifically serve as a theoretical background for the study and all further argumentation. Subsequently, the chapter develops and implements a proposal how to exemplify and to compare the above-mentioned processes under the varying influence of certain technologies. This new approach will be specified and the proceeding will be elucidated in detail. The authors refrain from attempting to quantify transaction costs in an absolute way and concentrate deliberately on comparative considerations. Transactions will be decomposed and classified into different phases according to their devolution over the period under observation. The intention is to reveal the basic phenomenon and to document the reasons of the current utilization of ICT in this sector by emphasizing relative reductions of transaction costs through the use of electronic commerce. After the development of the approach to quantify reductions of transaction costs, the model will be applied exemplarily on the two selected transactions. In detail, the model takes into account seven different phases of a transaction and seven different modes of coordination. The empirical section of the chapter concentrates on existing technological infrastructures, growth rates, and diffusions rates of certain information and communication technologies. Available data will be analyzed, particularly for Germany. Moreover, certain indicators are introduced to qualify in detail present developments and impacts of ICT. In the final stage the attained results and consequences of the outlined developments are eventually systematized and summarized. The authors criticize and comment on crucial points concerning the elaborated approach, its significance and limitations as well as its explanatory power. Last, but not least, an attempt is be made to relate the diffusion rates of the investigated technologies in the empirical section to the insights on reductions of transaction costs derived from the theoretical cost model. This will lead to a four-quadrant scheme to illustrate and classify present and future impacts of electronic commerce on financial services. On the basis of this visualization the chapter concludes with deducing a couple of final predictions and with giving a future perspective. The fifth chapter is The Spreading Use of Digital Cash and Its Problems, which is written by Yutaka Kurihara. xiii It has been several years since the words â€Å"digital cash† and other related terms were introduced into the modern lexicon. Needless to say, the progress made in communication and information technology (IT) has been rapid, and change in the area of digital cash is no exception. The volume of such transactions is rising, yet analysis of this revolution in payment is limited, particularly in the academic fields. Although e-commerce has been growing rapidly and attracting much attention, digital cash has not been a focus of such attention. Digital cash has some problems associated with it that need to be solved before its use can continue to grow, and the rate of growth is slowing at present. The logic behind replacing cash, checks and magnetic credit cards with digital cash is bound to prevail in the end, but there are many barriers that need to be overcome. The author proposes that material cost reduction and service price are cutting resultant factors of the demand for electronic wallet transactions and the means by which digital cash can spread, the technology of IC (integrated circuit) card reformation can be developed, and price cutting on the supply side can occur. The popularity of the personal computer and the Internet has also skyrocketed in recent years. A general price decline for computer and communication tools has been ongoing as well, helping to promote online-type transactions at the supply side. Moreover, it seems that the spread of mobile telecommunications has contributed to the development of digital cash. In the near future, interactive television will be used to make transactions. IT (information technology) has undergone a global revolution in many fields. Ubiquitous instruments in IT fields have appeared recently allowing for digital cash to develop much further. There are two points that will be emphasized in this chapter. The first point is that given the essential characteristics of electronic money, its advantages and disadvantages should be carefully examined. It is quite certain that digital cash will be promoted. It also seems that IT progress is unstoppable, and fortunately IT can make our world a more convenient and efficient place in which to live. Nevertheless, there are a number of concurrent challenges with this change. None of these challenges are apt to be resolved swiftly or painlessly. The second point is this: since financial institutions cannot stop this trend, it would be prudent for them to view it as a business opportunity. If they do not find ways to adapt, they will become obsolete and completely fade away from the market. By promoting efinance, a company can gain market share and negotiating power over suppliers, as well as earn a profit. Monetary authorities worldwide should pay careful heed to the trend as well, guiding the â€Å"sound† market to maturity, taking care not to confuse exercising leverage with excessive intervention. The sixth chapter is Electronic Signature: The Core Legislation Category in Digital Economy authored by Fjodor Ruzic. E-business, as well as all of the active participants in the digital economy environment, raises a host of new legal issues that must cope with the fact that the technical expectations imposed by participation in the digital economy will increase. Three basic segments of the digital economy are converging, and each of them consists of one core category: xiv Infrastructure: telecommunications infrastructure (the members of the society must communicate) Services: the content (the goal of communications is to transfer the content) Legislation: electronic signature (the goal is to compile rules of intercommunication processes in which the electronic content is interchanged) Businesses that offer services and have taken to the Internet seriously have a responsibility to their customers to offer services in a secure manner. Security is a fundamental requirement for e-business applications using signature-based forms. Lack of trust is a significant problem for any e-business - the parties evolved in the e-business processes must feel trust in the people and companies that are doing business. In many traditional business relationships, trust is based on a combination of judgement or opinion based on face-to-face meetings, or recommendations of colleagues, friends and business partners. However, the e-business environment generally does not involve human interaction and, therefore, this new context requires a new understanding of trust. Several techniques help in establishing online e-trust: Electronic authentication Electronic signature Escrow payment services (online) Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) With the advent of electronic signatures, e-business is changing the way we sign and store documents. Thus, any business that wants to succeed in the digital economy must deal with electronic signatures. It is considered an everyday activity whenever a law or other arrangement requires a signature of person. Signature is needed as a medium for authentication in order to identify the person (the signer), to indicate the person’s approval of the information communicated and, to be legally applicable. Most of the national laws currently in force provide that a signature, contract, or other record relating to such transaction may not be denied legal effect, validity, or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form. Like a handwritten signature, an electronic signature can be used to identify and authenticate the originator of the information and, it can also be used to verify that information has not been altered after it is signed. Electronic signatures play a key role in enabling electronic business by helping ensure that electronic documents are unaltered and have not been forged. Considering the functionality and applicability of such issues, this chapter finds one key category that links all of the separate e-business legal issues in one regulated scene - the answer is done by introducing electronic signature as equivalence with handwritten signature no matter what type of information technology is in use. There are more legal environments, solutions and applications of an electronic signature from which several examples are described accompanied with the e-business view on electronic signature utilization. xv The seventh chapter is Impacts of the Digital Economy: The Shift to Consumer-Driven Competition and Life-Span Products authored by Simon Mowatt. This chapter examines changes in innovation and competition made possible in two traditional industries by the adoption of integrated information and communication technologies. The two industry cases used are drawn from the consumer magazine segment of the printing industry and the grocery multiple (supermarket) segment of the retail industry. Both of these industries have benefited from changes in communication within the industry value system made possible by the adoption of digital information management and communication systems. The primary research in these industries was undertaken by an empirical program of qualitative, interview-based research focused on innovation networks. The informants were involved in production, distribution and retail, and identified by prior secondary research. The research also employed a census questionnaire survey of consumer magazine publishing firms. The survey response was checked for representiveness against a random sample of the industry population and found to be robust. The chapter highlights the importance of consumer-drive innovation in consumer-facing markets. The industries examined had previously been conditioned by the economics of manufacturing. The development of complex innovation networks to supply consumer needs is examined and the innovation process is explored in detail. For the process of consumer-driven innovation, the importance of linkages to end-consumer and market experts is acknowledged- something is enhanced by the use of digital technologies. The chapter acknowledges that the development of the innovation systems described was the result of firms reacting to consumer needs. But in addition to this, the chapter offers the concept of â€Å"life-span† goods as those developed from the outset as having a short life dependent on changing consumer tastes and fashions. Life-span goods are emerging as firms continue to explore the possibilities of proactively using innovation systems to forge links with consumers. Within this environment firms have been recently acting more as project orchestrators: using their skills in developing innovation teams based on the deep knowledge of consumer activities to identify and supply new market segments. Production in the innovation systems identified is undertaken across firms and coordinated by shifting and temporary alliances. This presents a challenge to economic analysis and to the theories of the firm grounded in a transaction-cost framework. Networkbased and sociologically grounded theories of the firm have previously attempted to resolve the inadequacies of contemporary economic theory by emphasizing the importance of social ties and long-term embedded relationships. However, the examples explored in this chapter highlight the role of new technology in short-term non-embedded relationships as well. The project-based firm is identified as having features that are problematic for economic analysis. Despite this the chapter suggests that changes in competitive pressures towards consumer-facing competition may increase the prevalence of project-based firms with industrial economies. Finally, the chapter concludes by exploring some avenues for future research that offer new pathways for future theoretical understanding of project-based and network organizations. The eighth chapter is Digital Products on the Web: Pricing Issues and Revenue Models written by well read Gary P. Schneider. xvi Products that exist in digital form can be bought, sold, and in some cases delivered, online. Some products exist only in digital form, such as software and certain types of information databases. Many more types of products exist in physical form, but can be digitized. These products include many forms of intellectual property such as text, pictures, photographs, architectural drawings, choreography notes, sound recordings, and video recordings. In some cases, digital products arise from the transmission of other digital products, as in the case of telephone and fax transmissions. The pricing issues that arise in the sale of these products are different from those that sellers face when pricing physical goods. These pricing issues lead to interesting opportunities for devising revenue models. These pricing and distribution issues affect the nature, quantity, and quality of competition in markets for these products. Some digital products are made available at no charge. Thus, an alternative revenue stream that is somehow related to the product must be devised. Some digital products are bundled with other products (digital or physical) to avoid some of the problems inherent in the pricing of digital products alone. Another pricing strategy is to create an artificial distinction within a subset of digital products and use differential pricing to extract the highest revenue possible from each set of customers for the product. Perhaps the most common pricing method is to use a licensing approach of one kind or another. Many digital products are, in their essence, things that are experienced by customers. They often have no meaningful physical existence separate from their experience. Providers of digital products must maintain a current knowledge of underlying technologies that are used or could be used in the future for delivery of their products. The ability of customers to adapt and reformat digital products is also an essential characteristic of digital products, a characteristic that can be affected by changes in technologies as well. The success of revenue models for companies that sell digital products depend on the nature of the product, the characteristics of the buyers, and the traditional practices in the industry. For most digital products, the effect of pricing and distribution strategy does not derive so much from the introduction of the Internet into the marketing channel as from the products’ very nature as digital products. This chapter examines the nature of digital products, their pricing issues, and the efficacy of various revenue models that have been implemented by companies that deal in digital products. The ninth chapter is On Software Piracy by Sougata Poddar.

Hitlers Rise To Power essays

Hitler's Rise To Power essays President Hindenburg appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany on January 30th 1933, having successfully campaigned to make the Nazis the most popular party. He had been legally elected and chosen to form a government. Why was he able to capture the hearts and minds of the German people in his rise to power? In this essay, I will explore whether Hitlers image accounted for his appointment to the top job or whether there were other reasons. Hitler used his image to look powerful. He had a loud, harsh, monotonous, dulcet voice. When the people of Germany heard this voice they felt commanded, as if he was someone who was angry about the state of their country but could do something about it. His voice made him sound like someone who had a great deal of power. Not only did his voice help him appear powerful, but even his clothes, haircut, facial expressions, logos, and mannerisms played a part, too. He wore very military clothes, like a uniform, nothing rich, no bright colours. I think that made him very appealing to the lower classes, for it was as if he was one of them, as if he did not come from a very upper class background. It made him seem more worthy to be a leader if he had experienced the poverty that most of Germany was going through. His haircut also followed through with the idea that he had a poor and military background. A simple style made millions follow him. He used fierce facial expressions, which gave people hope that he could be the saviour and leader that Germany had been longing for. Hitler had memorable logos, the main one being the swastika. The symbol itself actually derives from Paganism, but, when interpreted from its peaceful meaning by the Nazis, Pagans shortly abandoned it. The swastika was used on banners, uniforms, and posters... in fact, anywhere that they could think of displaying it. It helped to spread awareness of the Nazis, and when wearing an armband with the logo on it, people fe ...

10 Tips for Learning a Foreign Language as an Adult

10 Tips for Learning a Foreign Language as an Adult While the U.S. is home to over 350 different languages, according to a report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), most Americans are monolingual. And this limitation can negatively impact individuals, U.S. companies, and even the country as a whole.   For example, the AAAS notes that learning a second language improves cognitive ability, assists in learning other subjects, and delays some of the effects of aging. Other findings include that up to 30% of U.S. companies have stated that they’ve missed business opportunities in foreign countries because they didn’t have in-house staff who spoke the dominant languages of those countries, and 40% stated they could not reach their international potential because of language barriers.  However, one of the most striking and alarming examples of the importance of learning a foreign language happened at the onset of the 2004 avian flu epidemic. According to the AAAS, scientists in the U.S. and other English-speaking countries did not originally understand the magnitude of avian flu because they could not read the original research – which was written by Chinese researchers. In fact, the report notes that just 200,000 U.S. students are studying Chinese compared to 300 to 400 million Chinese students who are studying English. And 66% of Europeans know at least one other language compared to just 20% of Americans. Many European countries have national requirements that students must learn at least one foreign language by the age of 9, according to data from the Pew Research Center. In the U.S., school districts are typically allowed to set their own policies. As a result, the vast majority (89%) of American adults who know a foreign language say they learned it in their childhood home. Learning Styles for Children Children and adults learn foreign languages differently. Rosemary G. Feal, executive director of the Modern Language Association, says, â€Å"Children generally learn languages through games, songs, and repetition, and in an immersive environment, they often produce speech spontaneously.† And there’s a reason for that spontaneity. According to Katja Wilde, head of Didactics at Babbel, â€Å"Unlike adults, children are less aware of making mistakes and the associated embarrassment, and therefore, dont correct themselves.† Learning Styles for Adults However, Feal explains that with adults, studying the formal structures of the language is usually helpful. â€Å"Adults learn to conjugate verbs, and they benefit from grammatical explanations along with strategies such as repetition and memorizing key phrases.† Adults also learn in a more conscious way, according to Wilde: â€Å"They have strong metalinguistic awareness, which children don’t have.† This means that adults reflect on the language they learn. For example ‘Is this the best word to express what I want to say’ or ‘Did I use the correct grammar structure?’† Wilde explains. And adults usually have different motivators. Wilde says that adults typically have specific reasons for learning a foreign language. â€Å"Better quality of life, self-improvement, career advancements, and other intangible benefits are usually the motivating factors.   Some people believe that its too late for adults to learn a new language, but Wilde disagrees. â€Å"Although children tend to be better at subconscious learning, or acquisition, adults tend to be better at learning, because they are able to process more complex thought processes.† Try 10 tips for learning languages: 1) Know why youre doing it. 2) Find a partner. 3) Talk to yourself. 4) Keep it relevant. 5) Have fun with it. 6) Act like a child. 7) Leave your comfort zone. 8) Listen. 9) Watch people talk. 10) Dive in. Feal also recommends other ways for adults to learn a foreign language, such as watching TV shows and film in the target language. â€Å"In addition, reading written materials of all kinds, engaging in interactive conversations on the web, and for those who can travel, an in-country experience, can help adults make meaningful progress.† In addition to these tips, Wilde says that Babbel offers on-line courses that can be completed in bite-sized chunks, anytime and anywhere. Other sources for learning a new language include Learn A Language, Fluent in 3 Months, and DuoLingo. College students can also take advantage of study abroad programs where they can learn new languages and new cultures. There are several benefits to learning a new language. This type of skill can increase cognitive skills and lead to career opportunities - especially since multilingual employees can earn higher salaries. Learning new languages and cultures can also result in a more informed and diverse society.

Traditional Challenge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Traditional Challenge - Essay Example Most of the Organizations in China, after they get the right Guanxi, they minimizes the rate frustrations, disappointments, and risks in their businesses. Once an organization gets the right Guanxi through the required authority, Guanxi determines how long that business will last depending on the competition that exists in the business environment. Most of the risks that may encounter a business are reduced once you have the right Guanxi system at work for you. The right Guanxi is a key factor when it comes to a business in China.Guanxi sometimes can be demanding when it comes to resources and time. The resources needed and time required in establishing this network is worth the investment as everything else in the business becomes secure. In the current China’s situation, Guanxi is to be considered as an asset. Looking at how China is growing business wise, Guanxi system will be of high help as it minimizes the risks in business. China has got a different way of doing busines s that they only do business with the people that they trust; having the Guanxi system in place they increase the chances on being more successful in their businesses.Although sometimes Guanxi can be mistaken for corruption, relationships are better virtues when it comes to businesses. Guanxi is usually regarded legal in Chinese culture and it does not involve bribery in any way. Before conducting any business in China, having a good relationship with a partner in business will increase trust and this is what Guanxi comes about with.

Vegetarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Vegetarianism - Essay Example On the other side there are people who believe that vegetarianism is the way to go as it does not cause much suffering to animals. However, in an ethical and practical context, vegetarianism is indeed the right choice because it does not cause and pain and suffering to the animals and considering the availability of an array of vegetarian dietary options, the humans do not need to rely on meat to maintain a good health. The one essential fact that goes against a non-vegetarian diet is that to get meat, people do need to kill and mutilate animals, which is ethically wrong (Young 44). Like humans, animals have also been created by Mother Nature. Thereby, like humans, animals also have a right to lead a life devoid of fear and violence. Thereby, killing animals to get meat, especially when there are available a wide variety of vegetarian food choices is indeed cruel and unethical. Like humans, animals also have emotions and they do feel violated and get intimated if somebody tries to harm or kill them (Amato & Partridge. 121). Thereby, the true mark of an ethical individual is that one happens to respect the life inherent in all living beings, including the animals. One can easily witness the extreme violence and hurt that the animals have to bear with by visiting any butchery or slaughterhouse (Amato & Partridge 71). Going by such ethical concerns, vegetarianism is indeed an ethical choice because it is able to provide people with wholesome nutrition, without killing or hurting anybody. The other reason why vegetarianism is a good option is because a vegetarian diet comprises of a range of dietary options that could provide people with a complete diet (Fraser 35). Hence, people do not need to depend on animals flesh to get wholesome nutrition. In fact they can do so by adopting a balanced vegetarian diet that includes greens, vegetables, fruits, beans, nuts and lentils. The idea that one needs to eat meat to get a nutritious meal is totally misplaced and

Issue of gun control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Issue of gun control - Essay Example This essay discusses the issue of gun control in the United States of America. Here gun related violence is one of the leading causes of bodily harm and fatalities in which many of the guns used in these crimes do not belong to the shooters. Ideally, the acquisition of these guns tends to be legal, but they end up falling in the hands of ill-motive individuals that avenge attacks on innocent civilians. On the other hand, proponents of gun control restrictions argue that citizens should not own guns either legally or illegally because owning a gun is one of the contributors to gun related violence. In Parma, major calls are on the ban on the licensing of handguns and assault weapons while the obtaining of the other types of guns should be within law requirements. As a way of ensuring that the Ohio state’s curbs the gun violence menace, advocates for the debate have decried the need to have an arms registry that would help in accounting for the weapons used in committing crime. Additionally, gun shows are also potential areas that aid in flooding the population with unlicensed firearms. Ideally, gun acquisitions at gun stores tend to have intense requirements, but firearm shows do not have the same because their intention is making sales and not in safeguarding the population.Also the problem also lies in the accessibility of firearm clips. This is because gun handlers that have high capacity clips tend to spray more bullets without having to stop to reload their weapons, which causes more damage. 3. Data that supports the debate A majority of those that commit gun related violence tend to be individuals that have had priors in crime that has led advocates on the restriction on gun ownership to influence the Ohio state to adopt the background check to be law. When passed, an individual that has a prior history of crime becomes non-illegible to obtaining a firearm because of the information obtained through the national registry. In the past, this measure w as strict, but gradually became non-applied by firearm sellers because it attracted minimal profits within this trade. Ideally, many argue that conducting of background checks on a purchaser of a gun contravenes ones privacy and that it is also discriminating because of the stereotyping associated with past offenders. 3.1 National data According to the Survey by the National crime victimization, almost five hundred people became victim to gun related violence in 2011. On the same year, data by the FBI showed that sixty eight percent of American murders drew influence from firearms (Carter, 351). Additionally, forty-one percent of robbery crimes and twenty one percent of

IRB Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

IRB Critique - Essay Example My proposed dissertation research study is made up of mixed method design, with one dominant and one secondary components of data collection. The proposed quantitative research will facilitate me with my investigation on how the academic performance of a student coincides with the job fulfillment of a teacher. In this concurrent study design, the proposed qualitative method will allow me to test specific hypothesis that will affirm my research inquiries in a moderate sample size of educators. In line with this, the following are formulated: (a) Proposed qualitative survey to be shelled out to a random sample composed of 25 K - 12 teachers, and (2) proposed structured formal personality test to be conducted to the 25 chosen participants. The research will conducted at one of the six schools in the county. Surveys and the Myers Briggs will be administered before the conclusion of the seminar. The survey will be a maximum time of 10 minutes and the MBTI will be a maximum time of 45 minutes ***May you give me some pointers with this? Totally confused *** The proposed research study will be conducted to one of the six schools in the county. Prior to the conclusion of the seminar, surveys and the Myers - Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) will be administered separately. A maximum time of 10 minutes will be spent for the survey, and a maximum time of 45 minutes for MBTI. The data gathered thru the survey and MBTI will be recorded, incorporated, and analyzed by the researcher. The result of this investigation will determine the teachers’ personality and job satisfaction. Inclusion: My population will be K-12 educators (both men and women) of various ages and years of experience. 2 teachers from each grade level with one opening for a vocational or fine arts teacher. (I don’t get this). Inclusion: This study will focus on the K - 12 teachers of both sexes, and of various age

New York City as a Cultural Environment Assignment

New York City as a Cultural Environment - Assignment Example This assignment discusses art as a very valuable part of life, that brings beauty to ther environment and provides instances for rational and emotional reflection. However, the few people who do not appreciate it view it as unnecessary and perky. Art has been very important in New York City having given the city its impressive nature. Art is usually taken as the key illustration of something with essential value rather than just instrumental. The permanent collections found in the museums are all created for the public good and they are all representation of art which depict different ideas. There has been great movement in the history of art and this has seen New York grow to what it is today in the world of entertainment and tourist attraction. However, the commercialization of art has been a big challenge although it has made it possible for us to realize the value of art according to Fenner. Music, acting, literature, architecture, sculptures and museums are all forms of art whic h express a lot about life hence proving the importance and value of art in our daily life. To those who have the talent in art, it is a highly valuable activity which can earn them a living. It helps them to grow in their thinking and exposes them to many opportunities. The researcher then concluds that aeveloping interest in the works of art requires one to develop a deep understanding of the environment be able to comprehend things happening in daily life and this was a very challenging part of his life.

BP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BP - Essay Example In order to achieve the above strategic aims of the organization, the bank developed a balanced score card for each of the 4 perspectives .This score card was developed by BP in 2003 .We will see what this score card was- (Anderson, 2003) BP made the mistake of separating quality from normal day to day business activities. Quality managers were seen by most team as outsiders who came to overlook their work. Due to this quality concept was not internalized but workarounds were developed which were used whenever the quality team visited. As is this case for any standardized software which is launched across a mammoth organization, launch of Echoke met with resistance from employees. Echoke was supposed to find out the choking points of the operation team – the areas where problem occurs again and again and thus create a standardized benchmark – however it failed to factor the human factor in this software. (Bamberg, 2000) New safety manual were launched by BP in 2004 .These manual were uniform with slight variations from place to place. However the problem was that regular training on these manuals was stopped when BP faced financial crunch. This lead to the employees reverting back to their old ways quickly. GOLD stands for Global Operational, Leaders, and Display. Gold was the ERP project launched by BP.GOLD was supposed to accumulate information available from different countries BP operates in and present it to the top management in a comprehensive manner. Initially GOLD failed to capture the prevailing conditions in different countries as they were vastly from each other which made the data skewed. There were also compatibility issues with echoke which took a lot of time to be resolved. Safety audit teams faced the same fate as quality managers. Deep thought was not given over the composition of these

New York City as a Cultural Environment Assignment

New York City as a Cultural Environment - Assignment Example This assignment discusses art as a very valuable part of life, that brings beauty to ther environment and provides instances for rational and emotional reflection. However, the few people who do not appreciate it view it as unnecessary and perky. Art has been very important in New York City having given the city its impressive nature. Art is usually taken as the key illustration of something with essential value rather than just instrumental. The permanent collections found in the museums are all created for the public good and they are all representation of art which depict different ideas. There has been great movement in the history of art and this has seen New York grow to what it is today in the world of entertainment and tourist attraction. However, the commercialization of art has been a big challenge although it has made it possible for us to realize the value of art according to Fenner. Music, acting, literature, architecture, sculptures and museums are all forms of art whic h express a lot about life hence proving the importance and value of art in our daily life. To those who have the talent in art, it is a highly valuable activity which can earn them a living. It helps them to grow in their thinking and exposes them to many opportunities. The researcher then concluds that aeveloping interest in the works of art requires one to develop a deep understanding of the environment be able to comprehend things happening in daily life and this was a very challenging part of his life.

The Idea of the Dramatic and Theatrical in the Work of Bernini Research Paper

The Idea of the Dramatic and Theatrical in the Work of Bernini - Research Paper Example Besides the traditional pose intended to be examined of mere external traits, his work extends to be judged at spatial encounter outside of confines embedded on the surface of the structure alone.   Apparently, Bernini’s main concern was with surface and texture and with the conveyance of movement. This objective is further reflected in the creations of â€Å"The Ecstasy of St. Teresa† and the â€Å"Throne of St. Peter† whereby the former is sculpted in such fashion as to portray the most significant event in the life of St. Teresa. The marble sculpture specifically depicts her in a state of spiritual rapture when pierced to the heart by an angel’s fiery spear. Through her autobiography, St. Teresa confesses that the pain she felt at the moment was overly intense that it caused her instead to be overcome with delight and relish sweetness in place of the excruciating strikes. Bernini grants this justice in rendering the structure to be chiseled off into the most refined detail from which to imagine a height of enlightenment possibly reached by St. Teresa as well as the look of solemnity sprawled across her face in a position that indicates utter re moval of consciousness about the physical world. As a scholarly work, â€Å"The Ecstasy of St. Teresa† may be observed to have signified the artist’s regard for an intellectual approach in which spirituality is deeply valued. Bernini could not afford to neglect this aspect as well in â€Å"The Throne of St. Peter† in St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. He is known to have utilized a mixture of gilded bronze, gold, wood, and stained glass in this prominent object believed to have been sat on by St. Peter himself.   As a master of radical naturalism, Caravaggio is found to have greatly influenced the Baroque paintings with a unique sense of physical and emotional realism under dramatic technique with lighting which also amply manifests in the style of Georges de La Tour.

Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government

Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government Julius Caesar and John Locke’s Treatise of government. Explain the John Locke’s conspiracys reasons for taking action. In conversing Lockes Two Treatises of Government, Locke sets out his own perspective and arguments the complete power of the king to function without the agreement of the people. The main purpose of Locke’s second treatise is to sketch the suitable form for a society and government and to elucidate why his plan was suitable. Locke speaks that the only purpose for having a control is to protect the usual rights that people must enjoy simply due to the fact that they are mortal. However, when a rà ©gime or king (in this situation of Charles II), fails its individuals, the people are constrained to upheaval and start the rightful king (William, the Great Restorer). Thus, Locke inscribed his second treatise, in part, to show his backing for William III as king. (Locke and Laslett) Explain any relevant concepts discussed by Locke (civil government dissolution of government) Locke asserts that genuine administration is based on the notion of separation of powers. Main and leading of these is the legislative influence. Locke defines the governmental power as best (Two Treatises2.149) in consuming final power over â€Å"how the power for the state shall be engaged† (2.143). The government is still destined by the rule of natural surroundings and much of what it does is set down rules that additionally the objectives of normal law and identify appropriate sentences for them (2.135). The decision-making power is then indicted with enforcing the law as it is practical in explicit cases. Captivatingly, Locke’s third power is named the â€Å"federative power† and it contains the right to act globally conferring to the law of nature. If we relate Locke’s preparation of parting of influences to the advanced ideas of Montesquieu, we understand that they are not as diverse as they may originally seem. Locke’s federative control and the legal power as apprehensive with the local execution of the laws Locke’s policymaking power, it is more than a terminology than the thoughts that have altered. Locke deliberated arresting a person, trying an individual, and penalizing a individual as all part of the purpose of executing the rule rather than as a separate function. The concept of an â€Å"appeal to heaven† is a significant idea in Locke’s believes. Locke accepts that people, when they leave the public of nature, make a government with some sort of constituents that stipulates which bodies are allowed to exercise which commands. Locke also undertakes that these authorities will be used to defend the rights of the individuals and to endorse the community good. In cases where there is a argument between the individuals and the government about whether the government is satisfying its duties, there is no advanced social authority to which one can appeal. The only plea left, for Locke, is the plea to God. The â€Å"appeal to heaven,† consequently, involves taking up arms against your opponent and letting God judge who is in the right. A clear position on how Locke would assess the conspiracy according to those concepts Lockes theory of confrontation does not rest on on the legal fiction, of direct majority rule; actually the philosophy of resistance originates from the right of civilization to society a government which is sanctioned by the assent of the majority, which places genuine responsibilities on all members of society, and which functions for community good. The utmost danger to harmony and accord in culture — primary to its disaggregation — is an unlawful modification of its lawmaking that leaves no familiar authority. Confrontation to unlawful administration act is meant to anticipate this possibility. Where this confrontation is too little or too late we need to regulate the conditions in which it is still defensible, despite a lack of former vigilance, though we must suppose that late and incomplete action may demonstrate to be ineffective. It is the failure of government that defends resistance and, henceforth, legitimate confrontation is reliant on upon an precise, judicious and just valuation of governments activities. Evaluation of the decision how Locke would kill Caesar and how he would judge the actions of such characters as Caesar, Brutus, Cassius, and Mark Antony. (Direct textual analysis of both works.) In Shakespeare’sJulius Caesar, Brutus’s killing of Julius Caesar is an ethically vague event. Therefore, we under no circumstances truly know whether we must back Brutus or Caesar because, while Brutus is labelled as a decent man who is performing in the welfares of the average Roman, Caesar enjoys traits that Shakespeare has made able to be understood as strong and good or as tyrannical. In the play, (Shakespeare) Brutus is exemplified as the honorable Roman with Marc Antony, his opponent, shouting him â€Å"the noblest Roman of them all.†(5.5.69) since of this point, if Brutus had been the one to propose the murder of Caesar, the murder could be deliberated an ethical, essential act. But it was Cassius, not Brutus, who originated up with the idea. Cassius’s cautious operation of Brutus is the basis of the act, meaning that, from the start, the idea was unreliable. Even when Brutus states â€Å"Let us be sacrifices, but not butchers†(2.1.167), which must be understood as him trying to take a additional moral path, he moreover embraces â€Å"Let’s carve him as a dish fit for the gods†(2.1.174), which exemplifies the fact that, good intents or not, the collaborators are still arguing murder, and mutilation at that. While Shakespeare is able to demonstrate murder, the worst likely action, as probably the ethical path, what regulates th e spectator’s opinion of the entire play is one query: In the public, can assassination ever be reflected the ethically right option? The response, according to the theorists Locke, Rousseau, Kant, and many others is no, it cannot ever be measured ethical. These thinkers’ views can preeminently be shortened by a quote from Locke’sSecond Treatise on Government, that â€Å"all mankind being all equivalent and sovereign, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or belongings†, which comprises that murder is thought to be measured completely incorrect. While this quote, one of the establishing principles of our own state, is totally against assassination, I believe that, in our flawed world, it is tough to say an act is individually incorrect and that there doesn’t be even one situation that homicide could be measured the finest option. Though the quote is individually against killing, it also includes â€Å"liberty† as somewhat that â€Å"ought not to be damage[ed]†, which, as oppressors typically infringe upon rights, brings up the query: When two of these mo rals oppose, what should do we do? I believe while Brutus and the plotters have good intents that could cause the killing to be tolerated, they do not, in my observance, have the essential circumstances. The plotters’ belief that Caesar will become a oppressor, and that preventive action is necessary to protect Rome, is founded upon many expectations. And in this case, when homicide is the preventive action, I think expectations, right or wrong, aren’t sufficient to defend a killing, but undisputable proof of Caesar’s oppression is essential. While I do not wholly agree with the absolutist declaration of Locke and Rousseau that killing is individually depraved and is not ever the best choice, I do trust that the individual or people anticipating killing a single need to have the best of purposes and undisputable evidence to support the motive for the decision. While murder can never be measured a good action, it will continuously be spoiled for good motives, it can be measured the best way of act in that it may be used to defuse proven oppressors and other persons that, if gone in our world, may cause the deaths and grief of many more person. In the case ofJulius Caesar, the conspirators’ movements cannot be reflected ethical or defensible because they required undisputable proof that Caesar was an oppressor and consequently required the necessary state in which murder could be accepted as a essential action. Bibliography: Locke, John, and Peter Laslett. Two Treatises of Government. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Print. Shakespeare, William, and Arthur L. Humphreys.The Oxford Shakespeare. ; Julius Caesar.Oxford UP, 2008. Print. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar. Champaign, Ill.: Project Gutenberg. Print.

A Separate Peace :: Free Essay Writer

Gene Forrester's difficult journey toward maturity and the adult world is one of the main focuses in the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles. Gene’s journey into maturity begins the moment he jounces the limb of the tree. The process continues until he visits the tree, fifteen years later. Gene looks at things in the past. Gene must start to become self-aware, face reality and the future, confront his problems, as well as forgive and accept himself. He must become aware of and understand the person he is, and face the problems in his life. Only then, does Gene’s blissful ignorance change to the mature understanding of the nature of evil inside himself. This long and painful journey begins with this blissful ignorance behind the gates of Devon where Gene is preparing for war. Gene is isolated from the war. He does not yet see the importance of what the war is about and therefore is blinded from it. He begins the summer session, which is considered â€Å"wild and free†. He has not yet experienced what the war is like; he is in a â€Å"moment of carelessness† and does not see the importance of the war. Gene is immature and he starts to blind himself from the war and what is happening around him. He does not want to think about the war. He only wants to try to find out who he is, and what he his capable of. The first incident that Gene recounts indicates his dislike of Finny's attitude toward authority. Finny wears the school’s tie as a belt and dresses in a pink shirt for tea one day. Gene remarks that Finny is the only person who could "get away" (Knowles 26) with such an outfit. Gene is jealous and env ies Finny’s maturity, which he wants to achieve. In addition to Finny’s maturity, Finny conceives of the idea that he and Gene should jump from the tree, which is forbidden and only used for senior students. During the first jump, Gene loses his balance and Finny grabs his arm to steady him without thinking. This moment shows that Gene and Finny are friends and that they would risk their lives for each other. During another jump, Gene jounces the limb and Finny reaches out to him for help; yet Gene allows him to fall, causing him to break his leg. During this moment, we see Gene’s jealousy toward Finny.

House at Hidden Valley :: essays research papers

My Weekend Family Get-Away   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout my childhood I liked to escape from everyday routine and be alone with my family or my closest friends. There was the trail in the woods by the old battlefield where I would take my dog for long walks and for a change of scenery. There was the pond where my friends and I would go and throw rocks to see who could get theirs to skip the farthest. These places are vivid in my memory because that’s where I would go to have fun, but the one place that sticks out in my memory the most, the place I know better than anyone, my weekend get-away, was my family’s house at Hidden Valley Ski Resort. While I was growing up I was blessed to have this house to go to on the weekends during the winter. Come Friday I would be so excited because I knew where I would be going, I loved it up there. The sights of the resort, the distinct smell of the house, and the anticipation of the drive up there all contribute to the most vivid and realistic memories I remem bered about this place   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The excitement that filled my mind was incomprehensible to any person who has never experienced this for them self. The trip up to the house was only an hour but it felt like three or four. Snow would fall on the windshield, then be wiped away by the windshield wipers as we were driving, and every five minutes my mother would scream, â€Å"Watch out, Jeff,† as she would grab the handle on the door. As we pass through the tollbooth at exit 9, my Dad threw the change in the container. From the ting, ting, ting, sound the change made, I knew that we were close. â€Å"Only twenty more minutes,† he would say, then right after my Mom would say, â€Å"Yeah, more like ten the way he’s driving.† Finally, we would make the right hand turn into the resort and drive up the hill. About half way I would get a feeling in my stomach not the feeling you get when your nervous, the one you get when your excited. With the first step out of the car onto the frozen ground the snow would crackle beneath my feet. Sometimes I would get a little in my shoe right between my sock and my pants.

Disadvantages of Social Network Essay

Having a social network or using social network might bring a lot of benefits for students but it is not all sunshine and roses because everything in life will have it own advantages and disadvantages. Thus, the first disadvantages for using social network are it can reduce one learning and research capabilities. When it is too easy for them to have information the students will rely on the accessibility of information on social media specifically and the web in general to provide all the answers to their task. This will effect on the students learning and research capabilities as they only take the information exactly from the social media without learning the topic by heart. Everything is easy to them so the students will become less interested to learn the topic and they just do the research for the sake of completing the task given. Next the disadvantages of using social network are the reduction in real human contact. The more time the students spend on these social media sites, the less time they will spend socializing in person with the others. This will reduce their communication skills as they will not be able to communicate well and effectively in person with the others. Employers nowadays become more and more unsatisfied with the communication skills of the fresh graduates due to this reason. What all might not know is effective communication skills are keys to success in the real world. In fact, there is a lack of body signals besides other nonverbal cues, including tone and inflection in case of social networking sites. Thus they cannot be considered as an adequate replacement for any face-to-face communication. Not only this, students who are spending a great deal of time on these social networking sites are not able to communicate in person in an effective manner. The last disadvantages of using social network are definitely will reduce command over language usage and their creative writing skills. As we all know social network is popular for it slangs words and shortened forms of words simply because it is believed that they are most likely like to use short form of words in order to fit in. For instance, a social media such as Twitter, it gives a limit of words in posting a tweet. Therefore, students will start to use short forms in order to be able to post something. This will make them create a new slang or forms of words that are shorter than the original words. So without a doubt when they do that students will start to get used of using slang and shortened forms of words in their essays and writings. In this point it  gives the students negative sites as it will reduce a student creative writing skills as they ignore the grammar of a sentence. When this happened, students will start to rely on the computer for their spelling and grammar check features. It will definitely reduce a student ways of using a language and creative writing skills. In brief a social network is a very useful media that gives major effect to students. Although it is all good and beneficial it also has it negative effects on the students. The way of using social network is actually depend on the student itself as they should know the real usage of social network and learn how to balance it and use the technology wisely. Students should know the guide lines and its limit every time they use the social network. This is where peers, teachers and parents need to play a major role by making the student aware of what might affect them if they use social network for good purposes and what they are missing out if they spend too much time on such social media.

Dimensions of win win habit

Only by having a foundation of trust and a strong emotional bank account can I come o the table with honesty and openness. When both partners bring a strong emotional bank account to the table, we are ready to deal honestly and fairly. The third dimension is agreements. From relationships flow the agreements that give definition and direction to win/win. In a win/win agreement, both parties agree on desired results, guidelines, resources, accountability, and consequences. Trust and mutual responsibility is the key to a win/win agreement.Proper management training is key to establishing the mindset needed to effectively carry out win/win agreements. The focus in a win/vain agreement is on results rather than methods, and people in a win/win agreement evaluate themselves. As such, a performance agreement that both sides agree to is key to an effective win/win agreement. Finally, a win/win agreement can only survive in an organization when the systems support it. I know that I get what reward. Thus, I must make sure that the systems surrounding any win/win agreement support a win/win mentality.To achieve the goals in my mission statement, the reward system must reflect my principles. Competition has its place in the marketplace, but cooperation is the key to interdependent relationships. There is a four step process to seeking a win/win solution. First, I see the problem from the other person's point of view. Then, I identify the key issues and concerns involved. Third, I determine what results would constitute a fully acceptable solution. Finally, identify new options to achieve those results. Want to take advantage of the potential for mutual benefit that win/win solutions offer.I am ready to see any conflict that arises from a win/win perspective and seek the solution that ill be mutually satisfactory to all parties. There are five dimensions to the habit of thinking Win/Win; 1 . Character – Thinking win/win requires integrity (the value we place on our own principles) on the part of both parties. It also requires maturity – the balance between courage and consideration. Expressing feelings with courage tempered by consideration for the feelings of others is the mark of a mature person.Finally, to think win/win, we need an abundance mentality, meaning we realize there is plenty out there for everyone. People with a scarcity mentality think there is only one pie and they are fighting to get as large a slice as possible. People with an abundance mentality realize there are lots of opportunities, more than a person can take advantage of. 2. Relationships – The Emotional Bank Account is a key to structuring a Win/Win. If enough deposits have been made over a period of time, you have a degree of credibility enabling you to focus on the issues, not on personality conflicts.If both parties have high emotional bank balances combined with a ointment to Win/Win, a tremendous amount of synergy is possible. If the other person is not thinking Win/Win, you have to take the lead and be proactive enough to keep hammering until they realize you genuinely want a Win/Win deal. The relationship can be the key to the success of the entire process. 3. Agreements -? These give definition and direction to Win/Win. TO be effective, agreements should focus on desired results rather than the methods to be followed.Guidelines specifying the parameters for the results and the resources available to achieve the results should be included. Also a method of accountability for evaluation and an outline of what will happen as a result of the evaluation. 4. Systems -? Win/Win can only survive in an organization when the systems support it. If you talk Win/Win but reward Win/Lose, then don't be surprised when everyone goes for Win/Lose scenarios. The training, planning, budgeting, communication, information and compensation systems all have to be geared towards Win/Win. 5.Processes – The essence of structuring Wining is to separate the person from the problem, to focus on interests ND not on positions, to invent options for positive mutual gain and to insist on objective criteria – some external standard or principle that both parties can accept. These processes are more fully examined in Habits 5 and 6. The five dimensions of the Win/Win model s described by the author are: Character is the foundation Of Win/Win. There Ernst be integrity in order to establish trust in the relationship and to define a win in terms of personal values.A key trait is the abundance mentality that there is plenty for everybody (v. The Scarcity Mentality). The abundance mentality flows from a deep inner sense of personal worth and security. Relationships are the focus on Win/Win. When there is a relationship of trust and emotional bank account balances are high, there is a much greater probability of a successful, productive interaction. Negative energy focused on differences in personality or position is eliminated ; positive, cooperative energy focused on understanding and resolving issues is built. Performance agreements or partnership agreements give definition and direction to Win/Win.

One-eyed Mother Reaction paper

A very touching, affecting, and inspiring story that we watch, about a one-eyed mother with her daughter that has disrespect, unloved, and disgrace with her. Her daughter feels that her mother is an embarrassment for her which totally shows how that person despised her mother. For a daughter with one-eyed mother, she felts embarrassment, ashamed, and disappointment. She sees the negative side, actually the negative physical aspect of her mother through the years that her mother taken are for her.Just because her mother has a one eye that she didn't even bother questioning on why her mother Just only have a one eye. And that is because of her, her mother donated her one eye for her because her daughter born with Just have a one eye only. And she wants that her daughter didn't experience the feeling of loneliness that her give to her mother. I bother on why and how that daughter treats her parent, mother in that way.Instead of showing disrespect for her mother that is fervently able, s he Just take good care, show support and most especially she must show love and affection. And she does that to her mother through her whole life until she became a mother too. She didn't even bother to give back to her mother for taking care of her, for loving her, and for giving a good education and good life for her. How cruel Is that? For me, I didn't see myself doing that to my parents or even to my loved ones. I am a very lovable and caring person to the persons that I loved.I ant see that my mother feels that way and I can't do that to her because, I loved her so much. No words can express how I love my mom also my dad so; I can't do such thing like hers. Being a daughter you must show the love and affection to your parents because they always sacrifice the thing that they can give to their daughter and son. I felt so much sadness. I learned that you should love your parents or your loved ones unconditionally because It gives the happiness that you need and happiness that the y also need.

Accounting For Leases And New Proposed Models Essay

Accounting For Leases And New Proposed Models - Essay Example The International Accounting Standards Board calls for a new lease accounting principle that relates to assets and liabilities. This write up proposes criteria to be set for deciding between two interpretations of whether the lease increases or decreases both assets and / or liabilities. SFAS no. 13, which was issued by FASB, was at that time, 2001, showing improvement on the setting of accounting standards for leases. Many write ups on leases followed suit such as 9 FASB amendments, 12 FASB technical bulletins, EITF consensus, 6 FASB interpretations and others. The FASB is continually working to come up with an adjustment to the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards no. 13 (lease) because it has failed to address many questions by many sectors of the accounting, school, business and other companies on the accounting procedures and interpretation of leases. SFAS no 13 states that an asset can be considered a capital lease, where the value of the leased property is included in the balance sheet of the lessee, If the four conditions listed a are met: a) The lease conveys ownership to the lessee at the end of the lease term. b) The lessee has an option to purchase the asset at a bargain price at the end of the lease term. c) The lease term covers 75% or more of the economic life of the asset. d) The present value of the rental payments when using the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate is ninety percent or more of the fair market value of the asset. TWO ALTERNATIVE CONCEPTS OF LEASE ACCOUNTING One of the main points of SFAS 13 is that all lease contracts generate obligations that should be presented in the balance sheet, contrary to what the Financial Accounting Standards Board believes. In fact, SFAS no. 13 states that "a lease that transfers substantially the entire benefits and risks incident to the ownership of property should be accounted for as the acquisition of an asset and the incurrence of an obligation by the lessee and as a sale or financing by the lessor. All other leases should be accounted for as operating leases. (FASB 1976, para. 60)" FASB differs this by saying that not all lease contracts create both a new asset and a new liability. The FASB and G4+1 group have been implementing the FASB standard on lease recording. Companies in Canada, Australia, United Kingdom and New Zealand have also been following the FASB standards. THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND ACCOUNTING FOR LEASES When assessing the generally accepted accounting principles states that accounting information that should be included in the financial statements are those that are submitted on time to the decision makers. These financial statements must also be relevant to the decision making process. Further, the financial statement items should stated in such a way as to permit comparability between two accounting periods or two or more financial entity who are subsidiaries, branches or competitors. Therefore, when rights and obligations are recorded in a lease contract, intangible assets are created. An airline company comes into "existence" when it buys an airplane. According to monsoon, There is a possibility that lessees may record the lease asset in the balance sheet will be boundless because intangible assets cannot be easily estimated. When a bank